Titanium alloy is an alloy composed of other elements based on titanium. Titanium has two kinds of heterogeneous crystals: below 882°C, it is α-titanium with close-packed hexagonal structure, and above 882°C, it is body-centered cubic β-titanium.
The density of titanium alloy is generally about 4.51g/cubic centimeter, which is only 60% of steel. The density of pure titanium is close to that of ordinary steel. Some high-strength titanium alloys exceed the strength of many alloy structural steels.
Titanium has plasticity, the elongation rate of high-purity titanium can reach 50-60%, and the reduction rate of section can reach 70-80%, but the shrinkage strength is low (that is, the force generated when shrinking).
The existence of impurities in titanium has a great impact on its mechanical properties, especially interstitial impurities (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon) can greatly increase the strength of titanium and significantly reduce its plasticity. The good mechanical properties of titanium as a structural material are achieved by strictly controlling the appropriate impurity content and adding alloying elements.
