1. Titanium iodide, brand TAD: is the high purity
titanium obtained by iodination method, so it is called iodine titanium, or chemical pure titanium. However, it still contains oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and other interstitial impurities, which have a great impact on the mechanical properties of pure titanium. With the increase of the purity of titanium, the strength and hardness of titanium decreased obviously. Therefore, its characteristics are: good chemical stability, but the strength is very low.
Because of the low strength of high purity titanium, it is of little significance as a structural material, so it is rarely used in industry. At present, industrial pure titanium rod and titanium alloy rod are widely used in industry.
2. Industrial pure titanium: and chemical pure titanium is different, industrial pure titanium contains more oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and a variety of other impurities elements (such as iron, silicon, etc.), it is essentially a low alloy content of titanium alloy. Compared with chemical pure titanium, due to contain more impurity elements, its strength is greatly improved, its mechanical and chemical properties are similar to stainless steel (but compared with titanium alloy strength is still lower).
The characteristics of industrial pure titanium are: strength is not high, but good plasticity, easy to process forming, stamping, welding, cutting performance is good; It has good corrosion resistance in atmosphere, seawater, wet chlorine and oxidizing, neutral and weakly reducing media, and its oxidation resistance is better than that of most austenitic stainless steels. But heat resistance is poor, the use temperature should not be too high.
Industrial pure titanium is divided into TA1, TA2 and TA3 according to its impurity content. The interstitial impurity elements of these three industrial pure titanium are gradually increased, so their mechanical strength and hardness are gradually increased, but the plasticity and toughness are decreased accordingly.
The common industrial pure titanium is TA2 because of its moderate corrosion resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties. TA3 can be selected for high wear resistance and strength requirements. TA1 can be used for better forming performance.
Industrial pure titanium is mainly used for the working temperature below 350℃, the force is not big, but requires good plastic stamping parts and corrosion resistant structural parts, such as: aircraft skeleton, skin, engine accessories; Marine corrosion-resistant pipes, valves, pumps, hydrofoil and parts of seawater desalination system; Chemical heat exchanger, pump body, distillation tower, cooler, stirrer, three-way, impeller, fastener, ion pump, compressor valve and diesel engine piston, connecting rod, leaf spring, etc.
3. α titanium alloy, grade TA4 titanium rod, TA5 titanium rod, TA6 titanium rod, TA7 titanium rod: This kind of alloy at room temperature and service temperature is α phase state, can not heat treatment strengthening (annealing is the only form of heat treatment), mainly rely on solution strengthening. The strength at room temperature is generally lower than that of β and α+β titanium alloys (but higher than that of industrial pure titanium), while the strength and creep strength at high temperature (500-600℃) are the highest among the three types of titanium alloys; And the structure stability, oxidation resistance and welding performance is good, corrosion resistance and machinable performance is also good, but low plasticity (thermoplasticity is still good), room temperature stamping performance is poor. The most widely used is TA7, which has medium-high strength and enough plasticity in the annealing state, good weldability, can be used below 500℃; When the content of intergap impurity elements (oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc.) is very low, it also has good toughness and comprehensive mechanical properties at ultra-low temperature, which is one of the excellent ultra-low temperature alloys.
The tensile strength of TA4 is slightly higher than that of industrial pure titanium, so it can be used as a structural material of medium strength range. Domestic mainly used as welding wire.
TA5, TA6 are used for parts and welding parts working in corrosive media below 400℃, such as aircraft skin, skeleton parts, compressor housing, blades, ship parts, etc.
TA7 is used for structural parts and various mold calcined parts under 500℃ for long-term work, and up to 900℃ for short-term use. It can also be used for ultra-low temperature (-253℃) parts (such as containers for ultra-low temperature).
4. β titanium alloy, grade TB2: the main alloy elements of this kind of alloy are molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and other β phase stabilization elements, in normalizing and quenching it is easy to retain high temperature β phase to room temperature, obtain a more stable β phase structure, so called β titanium alloy.
β titanium alloy can be strengthened by heat treatment, has high strength, good welding performance and pressure working performance; However, the properties are not stable enough and the melting process is complex, so it is not as widely used as α and α+β titanium alloys.
Can be used for parts below 350℃, mainly used for manufacturing a variety of overall heat treatment (solution, aging) sheet stamping parts and welding parts; Such as compressor blades, wheel, shaft and other heavy load rotating parts and aircraft components. TB2 alloy is generally delivered in the state of solution treatment, and used after solution and aging.
5. α+β type titanium rod and titanium alloy titanium rod commonly used brands TC6 titanium rod, TC9 titanium rod, TC10 titanium rod: this kind of alloy is α+β type two-phase structure at room temperature, so the name α+β type titanium alloy. It has good comprehensive mechanical properties, most of which can be strengthened by heat treatment (but TC1, TC2, TC7 can not be strengthened by heat treatment), forging, stamping and welding properties are good, can be cut, high strength at room temperature, high heat resistance below 150-500℃, Some (such as TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4) also has good low temperature toughness and good resistance to seawater stress corrosion and thermal salt stress corrosion ability; The disadvantage is that the organization is not stable.
TC4 is the most widely used alloy, and the amount of TC4 titanium rod accounts for about half of the existing titanium alloy production. The alloy not only has good mechanical properties at room temperature, high temperature and low temperature, but also has excellent corrosion resistance in a variety of media. At the same time, it can be welded, cold and hot formed, and strengthened by heat treatment. Therefore, it is widely used in aerospace, ship and chemical industry.
TC1, TC2 can be used for stamping parts, welding parts and die forging parts and bending processing parts under 400℃. The two alloys can also be used as low-temperature structural materials.
TC3, TC4 can be used for long-term work under 400℃ parts, structural modules, all kinds of containers, pumps, low temperature components, ship pressure shells, tank tracks, etc. The strength is higher than TC1 and TC2.
TC6 can be used below 400℃, mainly used as aircraft engine structure material. TC9 can be used to manufacture parts for long-term work below 560℃, mainly used in compressor discs and blades of aircraft jet engines.
TC10 can be used to manufacture parts that work below 450℃ for a long time, such as aircraft structural parts, landing gear, honeycomb connection members, missile engine casings, weapon structural parts, etc.
