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Titanium has played an important role in dental development

Metal used in dental surgery started from amalgam and metal crowns in the 1920s, gold, silver and palladium alloys were mainly used in the 1960s, stainless steel became the most common material for permanent and detachable orthodontic instruments after the 1970s, and titanium casting technology was popularized in the 1990s.Dental titanium casting machine has the characteristics of high dimensional accuracy, no bubble and shrinkage cavity, etc. Among the metal materials used in human hard tissue repair, the elastic modulus of titanium is the closest to that of human tissue, which can reduce the mechanical inadaptability between metal implant and bone tissue. The thermal conductivity of titanium is the lowest among all the metal materials used for dental restoration. The low thermal conductivity can reduce the thermal stimulation to the pulp of crowned teeth, which is very important for dental restoration. Titanium inlay and crown can protect the pulp and avoid hot and cold stimulation. Dental titanium in material, mostly pure titanium, but its strength is insufficient, difficult to grind, there are poor wear resistance, easy to produce casting defects and unstable quality and other characteristics. Titanium alloy strength is high, the most commonly used is Ti-6Al-4V alloy, but because the metal V is harmful to human body, use Nb instead of V, the successful development of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy, it has excellent corrosion resistance, and basically harmless to human body, but also has strong plasticity, excellent abrasiveness and other advantages, has obtained the ASTM standard approval. At present, superelastic Ti-Ni alloy is widely used in tooth straightening.

Since the 1980 s developed countries began to study the application of titanium in oral cavity repair, first used in dental implants, and later used for denture stents, and tooth crown bridge is silk, the titanium for dental crowns, nail crown and fixed bridge, bridge PFM bridge, binding, denture card ring, underpinning, connection device and strengthen device, denture nearly all the metal parts can be made with titanium. The study of titanium and titanium alloys has become a hot spot in the research of dental alloys. Titanium alloy porcelain teeth can be a very good restore tooth form and function, and high strength, good appearance, colour and lustre is stable, smooth surface, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, is a kind of permanent restoration, applies to all fixed tooth, especially its good biological compatibility, is suitable for people who are sensitive to nickel ions, has been widely applied in the restoration of teeth.
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