The global trade pattern of
tungsten products is stable, with trade flowing between countries with abundant tungsten resources and countries and regions consuming tungsten. China, Canada, Russia, Australia, Vietnam and Bolivia are relatively rich in tungsten resources. China, the United States, Japan and the European Union are global tungsten consumption centers. China ranks first in the world in the output of tungsten concentrate. In addition to satisfying domestic smelting and consumption, tungsten concentrate is mainly supplied to the world in raw materials such as tungstate, tungsten oxide and tungsten powder. At the same time, China also imports tungsten concentrate through processing trade, ranking the first in the world in terms of import volume. The main source countries are Russia, Mongolia, Rwanda and Bolivia.
In recent years, Vietnam has become the world's second largest producer of tungsten concentrate, according to the world bureau of metals statistics. But Vietnam's tungsten concentrate production cannot meet its new domestic tungsten smelting capacity, and it needs to import tungsten concentrate from Russia, Australia and Rwanda. Tungsten concentrate is exported as tungstate after smelting, and tungstate exports are only second to China, mainly to Europe.
The United States, the largest consumer of tungsten outside China, imports tungsten concentrate from countries such as Canada, Bolivia, Spain and Australia and raw materials such as tungstate and ferrotungsten from China, Vietnam and Russia because it has no tungsten mines in China. Japan also does not produce tungsten concentrate and imports tungstate and ferrotungsten mainly from China and Vietnam. Eu countries cannot produce enough tungsten concentrate to meet their tungsten consumption. They mainly import tungsten concentrate from Russia, Canada and Bolivia, and wolframate and ferrotungsten from China and Vietnam. Developed countries and regions in the United States, Japan and Europe import tungsten raw materials from China, Vietnam, Russia, Canada and other countries and export products with high technical content and high added value.
